{
  "paper_id": "review_20251127_204732",
  "sections_checked": [
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    "data",
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    "entities",
    "urls_datasets",
    "ethics_compliance",
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  "claims": [
    {
      "claim_id": "C01",
      "claim_text": "Approximately 730,000 displaced persons, including over 500,000 children, were exposed to conditions undermining psychological well-being in Gaza from October 2023 to August 2025.",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "UNRWA (2025)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
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        "reference_authenticity": 1,
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        "data_consistency": 1,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 6.0,
      "verdict": "needs_human_review",
      "notes": "Reference partial; UNRWA likely reports figures but specific alignment unclear."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C02",
      "claim_text": "Quantitative analysis examines 320,035 psychosocial support sessions and 334,148 social-work interventions from UNRWA Situation Report 187.",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "UNRWA (2025)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
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        "data_consistency": 1,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 6.0,
      "verdict": "needs_human_review",
      "notes": "Specific session counts not verifiable from provided ref; plausible but unconfirmed."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C03",
      "claim_text": "Correlation analysis reveals: violence intensity and service demand (r=0.74), blockade restrictions and staff stress (r=0.68), malnutrition and child distress (r=0.81), overcrowding and gender-based violence cases (r=0.63).",
      "supporting_refs": [],
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        "reference_authenticity": 0,
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        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "No source provided for specific correlation coefficients; cannot verify."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C04",
      "claim_text": "Children under 18 constituted 69.9% of service recipients (approx. 510,000 children).",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
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        "reference_authenticity": 0,
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        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Percentage and count lack cited source; derived from unverified tables."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C05",
      "claim_text": "Psychological First Aid accounted for 29.6% of interventions (94,600 sessions).",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 0,
        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "No source for breakdown; data appears in text tables only."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C06",
      "claim_text": "Gaza City recorded 1,005 cases handled, representing 0.24% coverage for a population of 420,000.",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
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        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Regional coverage stats lack citation; source unknown."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C07",
      "claim_text": "39.1% of sampled cases exhibited mild stress, 42.8% moderate anxiety, 18.1% severe trauma.",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
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        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Severity classification percentages not sourced; from text tables only."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C08",
      "claim_text": "Gaza's population of 2.2 million has endured 18 years of blockade (since 2007).",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "Qouta et al. (2012)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 1,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 8.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Commonly reported fact; reference is thematically close."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C09",
      "claim_text": "Over 65% of Gaza's population is under the age of 24.",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
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        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 4.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Demographic statistic lacks citation; plausible but unverified."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C10",
      "claim_text": "The study employs a mixed-methods concurrent triangulation design analyzing UNRWA Situation Report 187 alongside datasets from WHO, OCHA, and UNICEF.",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "Creswell (2018)",
        "UNRWA (2025)",
        "Organization (2025)"
      ],
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        "reference_authenticity": 1,
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        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 7.0,
      "verdict": "needs_human_review",
      "notes": "Methodology described; specific dataset integration not detailed in refs."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C11",
      "claim_text": "Article II(b) of the Genocide Convention addresses causing serious mental harm to members of a group.",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "Albanese (2024)",
        "Schabas (2009)"
      ],
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      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
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        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 9.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Accurate legal definition; references are authoritative."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C12",
      "claim_text": "The research utilized exclusively secondary data from publicly available UN reports and anonymized field accounts.",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 0,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 5.0,
      "verdict": "needs_human_review",
      "notes": "Method statement but no citation for data provenance."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C13",
      "claim_text": "UNRWA has maintained operations in Gaza since 1949, providing services to registered Palestinian refugees (approx. 70% of population).",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "UNRWA (2025)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 1,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 8.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Historical fact; reference supports institutional role."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C14",
      "claim_text": "Epistemic injustice, as conceptualized by Fricker (2007), offers a framework for understanding structural silencing.",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "Fricker (2007)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 2,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 2,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 10.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Accurate theoretical reference; source is canonical."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C15",
      "claim_text": "IASC Guidelines on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings provide standardized approaches (2007).",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "Committee (2007)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 2,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 9.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Correct reference to established humanitarian guidelines."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C16",
      "claim_text": "Service provision in Rafah was suspended after August 1, 2025, due to security constraints.",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
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        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Future date claim (2025) without source; unverifiable."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C17",
      "claim_text": "The study received exemption from full ethics review as it involved analysis of existing publicly available data.",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
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        "data_consistency": 2,
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        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
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      "final_fact_score": 5.0,
      "verdict": "needs_human_review",
      "notes": "Ethics statement plausible but uncited."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C18",
      "claim_text": "Statistical analysis used R software version 4.2.1, with significance levels set at p < 0.05.",
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      "contradicting_refs": [],
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      "final_fact_score": 6.0,
      "verdict": "needs_human_review",
      "notes": "Method detail but no citation; standard practice."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C19",
      "claim_text": "Qualitative data collection involved narrative interviews and analysis of existing field accounts from UNRWA staff and beneficiaries.",
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      "final_fact_score": 5.0,
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      "notes": "Method described but source for field accounts not cited."
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    {
      "claim_id": "C20",
      "claim_text": "The mental element (mens rea) in establishing genocidal intent is emphasized in scholarship on the Genocide Convention.",
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        "Schabas (2009)"
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      "Claims extend to August 2025 (future) without source"
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    "paper_title": "Causing Serious Mental Harm: Psychosocial Evidence of Genocidal Conditions in Gaza (2023--2025)",
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}