{
  "paper_id": "review_20251127_210935",
  "sections_checked": [
    "claims",
    "references",
    "data",
    "figures_tables",
    "quotes",
    "entities",
    "urls_datasets",
    "ethics_compliance",
    "consistency"
  ],
  "claims": [
    {
      "claim_id": "C01",
      "claim_text": "The study analyzes 39,872 civilian fatality records from Gaza spanning October 2023 to September 2025.",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 0,
        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 0,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "No source provided for dataset. Future data cannot be verified."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C02",
      "claim_text": "October 2023 through December 2023 accounted for 42.5% of all documented fatalities (16,770 deaths).",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 0,
        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 0,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Numerical claim lacks source. Future data unverifiable."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C03",
      "claim_text": "Children aged 0–17 years accounted for 43% of all documented fatalities (16,348 deaths).",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 0,
        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 0,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "No source for demographic statistics. Unverifiable."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C04",
      "claim_text": "Females comprised 41% of documented fatalities.",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 0,
        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 0,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Sex distribution claim lacks source. Unverifiable."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C05",
      "claim_text": "Gaza City and North Gaza governorates accounted for 53% of all documented fatalities (21,131 deaths).",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 0,
        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 0,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Geographic distribution claim lacks source. Unverifiable."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C06",
      "claim_text": "Airstrikes and blasts accounted for 68% of documented fatalities (27,113 deaths).",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 0,
        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 0,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Cause-of-death claim lacks source. Unverifiable."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C07",
      "claim_text": "Denied or delayed medical care accounted for 4% of fatalities (1,595 deaths).",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 0,
        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 0,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Medical care mortality claim lacks source. Unverifiable."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C08",
      "claim_text": "Correlation analysis shows positive correlation between daily fatality counts and airstrike share (r=0.71).",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 0,
        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 0,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Statistical correlation claim lacks source data. Unverifiable."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C09",
      "claim_text": "Logistic regression shows night-time incidents, shelter locations, and airstrikes significantly associated with increased odds of child fatalities.",
      "supporting_refs": [],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 0,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 0,
        "data_consistency": 0,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 0,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1
      },
      "final_fact_score": 2.0,
      "verdict": "unreliable",
      "notes": "Model results claim lacks source data. Unverifiable."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C10",
      "claim_text": "The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (1998) defines war crimes including intentional attacks on civilians.",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "International Criminal Court (1998)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 2,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 9.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Accurate statement of established international law."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C11",
      "claim_text": "The Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocols specify obligations for distinguishing between combatants and civilians.",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "of the Red Cross (2020)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 2,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 9.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Correct description of core IHL principles."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C12",
      "claim_text": "Gaza has experienced various forms of closure since 2007, establishing conditions of protracted humanitarian crisis.",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "O’Driscoll (2020)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 1,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 7.0,
      "verdict": "needs_human_review",
      "notes": "Contextual claim; reference is thematic but not specific to 2007 closure."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C13",
      "claim_text": "Approximately 2.3 million Palestinians inhabit Gaza under conditions of high population density.",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "O’Driscoll (2020)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 1,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 7.0,
      "verdict": "needs_human_review",
      "notes": "Population figure plausible but reference is thematic urban warfare text."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C14",
      "claim_text": "The study employs a concurrent mixed-methods design integrating quantitative analysis with qualitative thematic analysis.",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "Creswell & Clark (2018)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 2,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 9.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Accurate description of cited methodological approach."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C15",
      "claim_text": "Qualitative analysis employed thematic analysis following the approach outlined by Braun & Clarke (2006).",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "Braun and Victoria Clarke (2006)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 2,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 9.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Correct attribution of methodological framework."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C16",
      "claim_text": "Epistemic injustice examines how power dynamics influence whose knowledge is deemed credible (Fricker, 2007).",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "Fricker (2007)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 2,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 9.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Accurate summary of cited theoretical concept."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C17",
      "claim_text": "Structural violence frameworks elucidate how political and economic arrangements generate differential vulnerability to harm (Galtung, 1969).",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "Galtung (1969)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 2,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 9.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Correct description of cited theoretical framework."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C18",
      "claim_text": "Moral witnessing offers a framework for understanding how testimony about suffering circulates (Boltanski, 1999).",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "Boltanski (1999)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 2,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 9.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Accurate summary of cited theoretical concept."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C19",
      "claim_text": "Conflict epidemiology has developed rigorous methods for estimating war deaths (Spagat et al., 2009; Seybolt et al., 2013).",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "Spagat et al. (2009)",
        "Seybolt et al. (2013)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 2,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 2,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 9.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Correct attribution to established methodological literature."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C20",
      "claim_text": "Urban warfare creates heightened civilian vulnerability in dense urban environments (O’Driscoll, 2020).",
      "supporting_refs": [
        "O’Driscoll (2020)"
      ],
      "contradicting_refs": [],
      "criteria_scores": {
        "reference_authenticity": 1,
        "claim_reference_alignment": 2,
        "data_consistency": 2,
        "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1,
        "hallucination_fabrication_check": 2
      },
      "final_fact_score": 8.0,
      "verdict": "reliable",
      "notes": "Accurate summary of cited source's thematic focus."
    }
  ],
  "reference_audit": {
    "total_refs": 20,
    "valid_metadata_count": 18,
    "invalid_or_placeholder_count": 2,
    "duplicate_count": 0,
    "suspicious_items": [
      "**?**",
      "??"
    ]
  },
  "data_audit": {
    "numeric_items_checked": 9,
    "mismatches": [],
    "p_value_anomalies": [],
    "range_unit_issues": []
  },
  "figures_tables_audit": {
    "items_checked": 10,
    "caption_data_mismatch": [
      "All table claims reference data not found in provided sources."
    ],
    "unlabeled_axes_or_missing_units": [],
    "reused_or_referenced_without_source": []
  },
  "quotes_audit": {
    "quotes_checked": 0,
    "exact_match_count": 0,
    "paraphrase_fidelity_flags": []
  },
  "entity_audit": {
    "journals_verified": 0,
    "authors_verified": 0,
    "orgs_verified": 0,
    "nonexistent_or_ambiguous_entities": []
  },
  "urls_datasets_audit": {
    "dois_present": 0,
    "urls_present": 6,
    "dataset_citations_present": 0,
    "missing_provenance_or_license": [
      "Primary dataset of 39,872 fatalities lacks source, version, or access path."
    ]
  },
  "ethics_compliance_audit": {
    "mentions_irb_or_ethics": false,
    "mentions_consent": false,
    "mentions_data_protection": false,
    "missing_expected_items": [
      "No ethics statement for analysis of sensitive mortality data."
    ]
  },
  "consistency_audit": {
    "intra_text_conflicts": [],
    "temporal_jurisdiction_issues": [
      "Study period extends to September 2025 (future), making data unverifiable."
    ]
  },
  "paper_level": {
    "averages": {
      "reference_authenticity": 0.85,
      "claim_reference_alignment": 1.35,
      "data_consistency": 1.35,
      "scientific_consensus_or_authority": 1.2,
      "hallucination_fabrication_check": 1.65
    },
    "overall_fact_score": 6.4,
    "recommendation": "manual_check",
    "flags": [
      "Core quantitative claims lack sources and reference future unverifiable data.",
      "Placeholder citations present.",
      "No ethics statement for sensitive data."
    ]
  },
  "metadata": {
    "model": "deepseek-chat",
    "paper_id": "review_20251127_210935",
    "max_claims": 20,
    "domain": "Genocide Studies",
    "paper_title": "Humanitarian Collapse and Civilian Mortality in Gaza (2023--2025): A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Conflict Mortality Patterns",
    "attempts": 1
  }
}