{
  "paper_id": "review_20251127_214136",
  "claims": [
    {
      "claim_id": "C01",
      "claim_text": "This study examines civilian harm documentation in the Palestinian context through analysis of 41,236 conflict event records from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data project spanning October 2023 to July 2025.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence provided for dataset existence or timeframe."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C02",
      "claim_text": "Quantitative findings indicate civilian fatalities constitute 71.9 percent of recorded deaths.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence provided for this specific statistic."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C03",
      "claim_text": "Local sources demonstrate higher reliability indices (0.82) compared to institutional channels (0.46).",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence provided for reliability indices."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C04",
      "claim_text": "The dataset integrates NGO, media, and local monitoring reports compiled by ACLED.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 1,
      "notes": "Plausible but no evidence provided."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C05",
      "claim_text": "The sample incorporates documentation from multiple source types to capture diverse perspectives on conflict events.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 1,
      "notes": "Methodological claim, no evidence."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C06",
      "claim_text": "For qualitative analysis, 1,200 narrative fields were selected through stratified random sampling.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence for sampling details."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C07",
      "claim_text": "Quantitative analysis employed descriptive statistics to characterize event distributions, fatality patterns, and conflict type frequencies across the study period.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 1,
      "notes": "Methodological claim, no evidence."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C08",
      "claim_text": "Statistical computations used R software.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 1,
      "notes": "Methodological claim, no evidence."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C09",
      "claim_text": "Qualitative analysis followed systematic procedures for thematic analysis (Flick, 2014).",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 1,
      "notes": "Methodological claim, no evidence."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C10",
      "claim_text": "The analysis achieved thematic saturation after examining 800 narratives.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence for saturation point."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C11",
      "claim_text": "The integration of quantitative and qualitative approaches followed a concurrent triangulation design (Creswell, 2018).",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 1,
      "notes": "Methodological claim, no evidence."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C12",
      "claim_text": "Multiple procedures ensured analytical trustworthiness: methodological triangulation, reflexive journaling, peer debriefing, maintenance of analytical audit trail.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 1,
      "notes": "Methodological claim, no evidence."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C13",
      "claim_text": "The study adheres to ethical guidelines for secondary data analysis involving conflict-affected populations.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 1,
      "notes": "Ethical claim, no evidence."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C14",
      "claim_text": "Monthly fatalities for Oct 2023 were 6,842 (16.6% of total, mean 220.7 per day, SD 54.2).",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence for specific fatality statistics."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C15",
      "claim_text": "Air/drone strikes accounted for 10,124 events (24.6% of events, mean fatalities 7.3).",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence for event type breakdown."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C16",
      "claim_text": "Gaza North had 10,352 events with 42,117 fatalities (mean 4.1 per event).",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence for regional distribution."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C17",
      "claim_text": "Civilians (Gaza + WB) accounted for 78,912 fatalities (71.9% of total).",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence for fatality ratios."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C18",
      "claim_text": "Israeli military vs. Palestinian civilians events had mean fatalities of 6.8 and correlation r=0.77.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence for actor comparisons."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C19",
      "claim_text": "Correlation between fatalities and air strikes is r=0.88.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence for correlation matrix."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C20",
      "claim_text": "Civilian share of fatalities was 74.2% in Q4 2023, declining to 69.4% in Q3 2024.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence for temporal trend."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C21",
      "claim_text": "Keyword 'strike' appears 19,402 times (47.1% relative frequency) in narratives.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence for keyword frequency."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C22",
      "claim_text": "The dataset used is the Palestine–Israel Conflict 2023–2024 from ACLED, available at https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/wilomentena/palestine-israel-conflict-2023-2024-acled under open access (CC BY 4.0).",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 2,
      "notes": "No evidence for dataset availability."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C23",
      "claim_text": "The study builds on previous work in conflict studies (Pettersson, 2021; Raleigh et al., 2010).",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 1,
      "notes": "Citation claim, no evidence provided."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C24",
      "claim_text": "The qualitative themes include witnessing under siege, loss as credibility, digital silencing, and resilient mourning.",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 1,
      "notes": "Analytical claim, no evidence."
    },
    {
      "claim_id": "C25",
      "claim_text": "The study contributes to frameworks of epistemic justice in conflict settings (Fricker, 2007).",
      "evidence_used": [],
      "label": "NO_EVIDENCE",
      "hallucination_score": 1,
      "notes": "Theoretical claim, no evidence."
    }
  ],
  "summary": {
    "supported_claims": 0,
    "refuted_claims": 0,
    "no_evidence_claims": 25,
    "hallucination_risk": "HIGH",
    "hallucination_index": 1.0
  },
  "metadata": {
    "model": "deepseek-chat",
    "paper_id": "review_20251127_214136",
    "max_claims": 25,
    "paper_title": "Untitled"
  }
}